Consumer Behavior Essay Example

Consumer Behavior Paper The manner in which a product is packaged influences customer choice to a large extent. Products which are glamorized and which are likely to catch the eye of the customer are likely to record higher sales than other products of the same nature which have dull packages. This is because most customers, especially first time buyers judge the product from its packaging and more often than not tend to think that beautiful packaging depicts a good product. A superior mind share is established whenever a customer looks at two competing products in a store. The final choice that the consumer makes could be largely influenced by the appeal, information on the package and branding. Packaging should therefore be considered as a very essential marketing strategy. Packaging increases sales and attracts new customers. Packaging design is now being used as a marketing tool and companies are turning to making more attractive packaging and reducing the advertisement costs. A package that is well designed and attractive will prompt new customers to try the companys product since as noted earlier; customers take the appearance of the package to be identical to the quality of the contents inside. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Existing customers are retained because the packaging prevents them from going for a competitive product that looks more appealing. Packaging acts as an advertisement tool and a selling agent. It provides the company with the opportunity to advertise their product by writing about the benefits of the particular product on the packaging. The details of the product and the reason as to why it will satisfy the customers needs act as a silent marketer for the companys product. The customer can then make his or her decision easily. The package must however be as attractive as possible so that it may prompt the customers to pick it up and take a look at the products features. The customers curiosity can be aroused by the shape, the color, texture among others. These features will further serve to identify the product from among competing products. Packaging helps to distinguish a companys product from others in the same category. In other words, packaging serves the purpose of identifying the product. It is this package that makes the customer go straight to where the product is on the shelf and not pick any other product. This is the reason why companies should make unique packages that are not likely to be confused with other products and which can easily avoid counterfeits. Packaging protects the product and ensures that it is not affected by environmental hazards such as moisture, dust and smell. Customers would like to get clean products and therefore when the packaging is right, more customers will buy. Leaking or rusty containers and packages will not encourage repeat buying and customers may opt to buy a competitors products. Analysis of packaging i) Alton Brown Spice (Australia) Alton Brown is a spice brand that is likely to sell. This is because it takes into consideration the blind and the visually impaired by providing a braille translation of the writings on the package. This means that it will also appeal to this group of customers who are in most cases ignored. However, the package is a bit dull which may not attract persons with visual capability and hence they may go for other types of spice. ii) Silver Hills Bread (Canada) The Silver Hills bread displays bright and conspicuous colors that are likely to attract the customer from a far. The cartoon designs may particularly appeal to children who to a large extent influence the purchasing decisions that their parents make. The packages and the names are also unique such that customers can easily identify the brand. This package would increase sales for the Silver Hills bread. iii) Seventh Generation Automatic dish washing detergent (Australia) The Seventh Generation Automatic dish washing detergent is made with no fragrances and chlorine so that it is does not pollute air at home. The green leaf is supposedly used to depict that the detergent is safe for the environment. Normally though, one could mistake the green leaf to mean that the soap is made from herbal products or even mistake it for a herbicide from far. The detergent is likely to get low sales because the package is not very eye catching. Question 2 Chal from Bangladesh Chal is essentially a word used to refer to rice. Rice is produced in significant amounts in Bangladesh and it accounts for a large amount of income obtained by Bangladesh. Rice takes a central role in Bangladesh accounting for 18 percent of the Gross Domestic Product of the country and takes up 75 percent of the agricultural crops. Rice fields occupy 10 hectares of land and the main workers in the rice farms are villagers with considerably low incomes. Rice can be said to be affected by stereotypes both positively and negatively. For example, the population of Bangladesh is said to be very high. As a matter of fact, it is the 7th largest in the world with 147. 4 million citizens. This population promotes rice farming as it provides market and laborers. The 10 million hectares of rice paddles require extensive amounts of workers to maintain the rice until it is ready for use. Bangladesh is rich in culture and communities live in village oriented settings. This promotes co-operation such that more rice can be produced. The Bangladesh population relies on rice for their daily carbohydrate intake. This provides domestic market for the rice. Bangladesh is dominated by Muslims with Hindus following suite. One way in which this stereotype enhances the country is that Muslims often make use of rice dishes which provides market for the rice in Bangladesh. However, this leads to the next stereotype which maintains that Bangladesh is associated with terrorism, Muslim Jihad and the al-Qaeda. Political violence is also said to be high with cases of suicide bombings and murder being witnessed often. Some of the al-Qaeda are said to have fled to Bangladesh when the Taliban reign in Afghanistan fell. This discriminates against the country as some countries who highly oppose terrorism may not want to import rice from Bangladesh. It also gives a negative image to the country all which serves to spoil future market fro their product. Strategies to reduce negative effects For Bangladesh to reduce the negative effects caused by stereotypes, it must seek to establish that the image painted by these stereotypes may not be true. If by any chance they happen to be true, the idea would be to try and reduce their effect on the rice trade. Islamist parties are increasingly taking control of Bangladesh. These are the groups that are associated with terrorism and are said to be responsible for the constant attacks on politicians and bombings based on political violence. More banks and non-native Islamic charities are also getting into Bangladesh. These banks and charities are associated with Islamic movements and this has fuelled the Bangladesh stereotype that the country is a terrorist nation. Reducing or banning these banks and charities could help to reduce the discrimination being felt against Bangladesh. With a more positive image, trade is likely to improve Strategies to conserve positive effects One important thing that Bangladesh should embrace is the preservation of their culture and their co-operation. This would play a big role in ensuring that the country continues to gain from rice farming thus increase income. Preservation of culture and religion will ensure that the people of Bangladesh continue taking rice as their staple food and more so the Muslims. Care should however be taken to avoid backwardness that may result from completely ignoring other countries culture that may affect them. The population does not have to be increased even though it provides labor. This is because with increase in population, more poverty would be witnessed which would not be healthy for the country. Instead, Bangladesh should come up with more advanced technology to ease the work in the rice fields. Cars from Germany Cars manufactured in Germany are said to be of high quality given the technical skills possessed by the Germans. German cars stand out among other brands and they are made to perfection to give the owners the feeling of luxury. Their most famous brands include BMW, Audi, Porsche, Mercedes and Volkswagen. Even though their cars are expensive, people are committed to buy for prestige and the excellent quality. Germans are considered to be very serious and industrious. They are punctual and highly organized. Their business deals are rarely cancelled due to poor mistakes and failure to meet the required standards. They are also good technicians, a trait that is said to make certain Germans arrogant. These are stereotypes which work to the advantage of the Germans. They can easily access more customers because the cars produced are expected to be of high quality and they are bound to be punctual in delivering the cars once they are finished. Some say they are too academic, they have no sense of humor and are likely to give more business talk than social talk. However, they are helpful and are very dependable. To a certain extent, this could be good for business. Many businessmen are more likely to engage themselves in serious deals rather than keep cracking jokes and wasting time. This way, their car business can do quite well. Their days are always packed but when they do get a break they engage in a lot of eating junk food, meat and beer drinking which is why they are usually overweight. The Germans make use of other people to do the dirty work for them while they take the lighter duties of polishing the cars and finalizing the sale deals. These are negative stereotypes that can work against the German car business since stereotypical people are likely to discriminate against them for other cars from other companies. Since the majority of autoworkers they employ are low income earners, questions are raised as to why they do not pay them enough yet they get so much. Strategies to reduce negative effects Most of the negative stereotypes against Germans seem to be inclined towards their physical attributes. People tend to associate people who eat and drink much with poor performance. This is more so if they are overweight. However, this problem can be overcome by proving that one is as effective as the others. It does not mean that they are lazy and therefore they should work hard in order to show that their physical attributes do not affect their work. The Germans working in the car industry can also try to be more sensitive to their employees and pay them better wages. This way they can be satisfied with their work and promote the achievement of better results. Strategies to retain positive effects So as to retain the positive effects and continue promoting their cars, Germans should continue aiming for higher education and acquire more technical skills and knowledge to improve the quality of their work. Their aim should be to produce even better cars that will appeal to the customers. Their industrious nature should not be changed and there is need for their punctuality to be maintained. Germans have the advantage of being friendly and helpful, a trait that they can use to promote business since customers are more pleased when they are treated with care. In doing this, they should try to adopt a less serious look so as to effectively communicate with customers and close deals much easily. Word Count: 1929 Bibliography Anderman, Phillip, Economy of Asia: Pakistan and Bangladesh. China: Lulu Publishing, 2006. Avery, Michael, Efficient Marketing Tools. New York: John Wiley and sons. Reuters. Facts on Bangladesh Politics,† Reuters, August 5, 2006 Rehadzo, Mills, Stereotypying: A focus on several communities. London: Cengage Learning, 2000. Smith, Folley, Auto Industry in Germany. The Daily Mirror, February 19, 2003. Stewart Bill, Pira International. Packaging as an effective marketing tool. New York: CRC Press, 1996 Thomas, Michael. Gower Handbook of Marketing. Gower Publishing, Ltd. , 1995 Consumer Behavior Essay Example Consumer Behavior Essay Reginald Jones D03342926 Consumer Behavior Week 7- Course Project â€Å"Nivea Active 3† Market Analysis As one of the leading international skin care companies we are close to consumers, offering them compelling, innovative products. With more than 125 years of experience in skin care and one of the worlds most modern research centers, Beiersdorf stands for innovative and high-quality cosmetic products. Our brands are trusted universally from NIVEA, one of the worlds largest skin care brands (1). The company has introduced a men’s product called NIVEA FOR MEN Active 3. The strategy of the company is to promote a product that is easily accessible and gives the consumer added value by providing added solutions to everyday life. NIVEA FOR MEN Active 3 is a refreshing shower, a moisturizing shampoo and a foaming shaving gel all combined in one product with a refreshing citrus scent. The revitalizing gel with advanced MICRO TEC-Technology develops into a generous foam that offers mild cleansing for body and hair, allows for a comfortable yet thorough shave and leaves the skin clean and smooth. Thanks to our Micro-Tec technology, this advanced formula combines high-tech polymers and essential nutrients. The caring nutrients are provided by avocado and sunflower oil extracts. These lipids help restore moisture to the skin making it feel smooth. At the same time, the high-tech polymers create a generous lather, which allows the razor blade to glide gently – giving you a comfortable yet thorough shave. (1). NIVEA for MEN formally announced the new Active 3 June 29 2009, an innovative three-in-one shower agent combining body wash, shampoo and shaving gel in one bottle (2). We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The introduction of this product can be seen as an induction from a growing trend in men’s use of liquid soap as well as overall personal care. The liquid body soap market grew to $733 million in 2008 from $480 million in 2003, an increase of 53 percent, according to Mintel, which projects revenue will top $1 billion in 2013. Men’s formulas are growing more rapidly than women’s and unisex products, from a 17 percent share of overall category revenue in 2005 to 28 percent in late 2009 (3). Male consumers are paying more attention to their looks. The trend is being driven by male role models which including sportsmen and film personalities. As the gender boundaries are blurring, global firms are increasingly focusing on finding new ways of making profits from the emerging characteristics of men consumer segment. The world market for mens grooming products is projected to exceed $33. 2 billion by the year 2015, According to New Report by Global Industry Analysts, Inc. 4) An executive of Nivea’s parent company wisely identifies 2 of its primary competitors in his statement in regards to the Nivea Active 3. â€Å"The target we have is slightly older than Axe or Old Spice,† said Mr. Maurer, of Beiersdorf. â€Å"We’re talking to a more confident guy that knows who he is and what he stands for, and who is past the trying-to-get-the-girl stage (3). † Axe is the most popular men’s brand, with a 7 percent share of the total body wash market, ac cording to Information Resources, a market research firm. Old Spice, which introduced body wash in 2003 and is a close second to Axe among men’s brands, with 6 percent of the total market, also emphasizes manliness: it is the official body wash of the N. F. L. and Nascar. As far as the overall market the evoked set of brands in the men’s grooming industry include Procter Gamble which sits high atop with brands as varied as Head Shoulders, Gillette and Old Spice, the Cincinnati-based producer accounts for 43% of all industry sales (5). Also, Dove has made a conscious attempt to move from the awareness set to the evoked set with its amid the high-profile entry of Dove Men+Care (6). Finally, Axe is definitely included in this consideration set within an industry that has seen significant growth in the past few years. The market for men’s grooming products grew to $4. 83 billion in 2009, from $2. 38 billion in 1997, according to Euromonitor International, a market research firm. Axe is widely credited for driving much of that growth, all but creating the male ody spray category and continuing to enter categories that mainstream men’s brands have historically avoided, most recently hair care, with Axe introducing shampoo in 2008 (7). Nivea Active 3 Competition Head Shoulders Selection of 2-in-1 Shampoo/Conditioners GilletteBody Wash/ Shaving Foam or Gel AxeShampoo/ Shower Gel DoveSelection of 2-in-1 Body/Face Wash Old SpiceBodywash Various BrandsBar Soap (Substitue) Nivea Active 3 can be found in retail outlets, supermarkets and online sites. The product can be purchased at your local Walgreens or CVS as well superstores such as Target and Walmart. Also, Nivea Active 3 is sold at supermarkets and grocery store such as Dominicks, and Jewel’s. The product can be purchased online on the websites of the previously named retails outlets stores and many more. Nivea Active 3 can be purchased such as Amazon and Ebay, There are numerous outlets and as long as there is significant interest n purchasing the products its presence will remain sound. Brand Positioning According to the Gillette Company, 94 million men age 15 and older remove hair. Of that 94 million 72% (68 million) use a blade or razor (8). This is the market for the Active 3. Nivea begins to focus on its target through its current advertisements. One of the reoccurring patterns in Nivea’s current advertisements of Active 3 is that all the actors appear to be around the age of 30. This is an appropriate demographic because the strongest value of Active 3 is that it is convenient and time saving. Also, since the capability to shave with Active 3 is one of the main components of the product, this will appeal to males 30 and older as shaving has become a part of their routine of grooming themselves. The Generational Cohorts, which are targeted are; the latter Generation X and the early members of Generation Y. Also, the actors demonstrate the removal of chest hairs. Since the activity of the actor using Active 3 occurs during the routine of taking a shower, the extension of that routine into chest hair removal would be more prevalent to male 25 and older. The development of chest hair begins normally during late puberty, usually between the ages of 15 and 18. It can also start later, between the age of 20 and 30, many men in their twenties have not yet reached their full chest hair development. The growth continues subsequently. In older adult years androgens cause thickening of the hair (9). Get more done in the shower! This is a tagline that can be found on advertisements of Active 3. This shows its target to the market of males that would appreciate the convenience and time saving value of the product. This would be most relevant to professional males who welcome solutions to make their day more productive. The tagline â€Å"Get more done in the shower! † and age of the models illustrate Nivea’s target market as business professional males 25 years and older. The versatility of NIVEA FOR MEN Active 3 is based on a unique formula to fulfill three purposes at the same time: to gently cleanse the skin, to mildly and effectively shampoo the hair and to create the ideal foam texture for a smooth shave for both facial and body hair. Even though the product is so convenient to use, it doesn’t compromise on quality (1). Nivea has positioned itself convenience in the mind of men who grooming routine consist of showing, shampooing and shaving. It enables men to do 3 grooming activities at the same time using one quality product, Active 3. All of the advertisements for Active 3 communicate its position which should make memory and learning about the product become much easier (book). Customer Analysis The personal grooming activities of showering, shaving and shampooing ones hair address the need to have a clean, good smelling body with clean hair and a cleanly shaved face and body. In most societies, a clean body and clean hair are apart of the culture. Also, in many societies a nicely shaven face and even body is looked upon a clean cut and acceptable. This places the customer need being address through Nivea’s advertisement as â€Å"Belongingness† in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Active 3 addresses this need and also recognizes the problem of saving time in doing these grooming activities and provides the solution of doing them all simultaneously. The cultures that will consume Active 3 are those whom focus on individualism, hard work and male personal grooming as a norm. Members of individualist cultures tend to strive for independence and have self-concepts defined in terms of their own aspirations and achievements (10). † In individualistic cultures, culturally congruent individualistic appeals will generate more favorable attitudes towards the ad, brand attitudes and higher purchase intentions when used for products that satisfy personal consumption purposes rather than a social purpose (11). Acitve 3 is most definitely for personal consumption. It focuses on personal grooming and individual appearance. How can I save time in my day to make my day more productive? This is the question asked by a culture that values hard work. Active 3 promotes its consumption as a means of convenience and time saving to help construct a more productive grooming routine so that one can get more done in their day, In the Active 3 advertisements, the models have a result of having a freshly shaven face and body with their body and hair appearing to be looking and smelling good. This appeals to a culture where the model represents personal grooming as norm for males within the culture. Since the advent of metrosexuality, companies have realized that they have a new market to capitalize on men who spend their money on grooming and appearance supplies. Walk through the aisles of any US drugstore, and you’ll notice an abundance of male-targeted personal grooming products, such as anti-aging eye-creams, shower gels and formula facial cleansers, slowly monopolizing the shelves. With so many brands clamoring for their slice of the pie, metrosexuals have out and out become their own market segment. And as sales figures roll in, there is clear evidence that the metrosexual market is indeed quite viable (12). Nivea’s Acitve 3 serves the metrosexual segment by providing a â€Å"new† more efficient way to groom with the quality this segment has grown to expect. One of the most relevant characteristics of the meterosexual subculture is maintaining a well-groomed appearance. The Active 3 influences its purchase by providing this subculture the means to maintain a their appearance daily with ease and convenience. Customer Personality In regards to the five-focus model of personality, the personality of the typical user of Nivea Active 3 is one who is â€Å"Open to Experience†. Their openness includes a general appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas, imagination, curiosity, and variety of experience. The user of Active 3 is open to experience is intellectually curious, appreciative of art, and sensitive to beauty (13). Men’s attitude towards using a shower gel versus shower soap has changed. But a man using shower gel is still a relatively new acceptable action of the male segment. Coupled with the fact that Nivea has produced a product that has a 3-in-1 function, Active 3 is can be defined as â€Å"new†. The personality of the consumers that purchases this product is curious and open to an unusual idea. The purchaser appreciates the imagination of the product and is adventurous in pursuing the new experience of the product in hopes to find a novel grooming solution. The most prominent consumers of the Nivea Active 3 are young, upscale, and keep up with the latest technology and in tune with new products and services. They live in fashionable neighborhoods and where fashionable clothes. They are highly educated professionals who work hard and play hard. These consumers are within arms length of trendy boutiques, various restaurants, and the popular bars. They enjoy dating, meeting new people and are seen in many social environments. Shopping is an activity that is enjoyable. They shop at brick and mortar as well an online. Traveling and athletics are apart of their many hobbies. They also keep abreast of what is going in the world by reading newspaper, magazine and following events on online websites (Hawkins, 446). The life style of the user segments may have varying life style. These life styles may vary by the age group of the user segments. The life style that is reoccurring throughout all user segments is traveling, participating in athletics and staying abreast with world events through reading newspaper, magazines and the use of the internet. The variation would be found in the social environment. The older the age of the user segment, the less we will see them at social scenes such as bars and dating arenas. Nevertheless, all user segments have some balance of hard work and social networking. This life style influences their interest to consume Nivea Active 3 for its convenience and time saving value. All consumers of the Active 3 have general lifestyle patterns of conducting the activities of showering, shaving and shampooing their hair with in close proximities of time. Purchase Decision Process Nivea is commonly included in the men’s evoked set for men’s body wash but it is not in the evoked set for men’s shampoo, or men’s shaving cream. Nivea is in the evoked set for product that can do all three functions since there are very few products that have the same attribute in one solution. For male consumers that are making a decision about their purchase of body wash there is a limited evaluation criterion. In most cases, men used brand recognition as an initial search process. This is why the most successful men body washes are usually brand extensions to other products men use i. e. Gillette razors/cream or Old Spice cologne. To Nivea’s advantage, brand recognition is not the most important criterion men’s decision. Elimination –by-Aspect is the decision rule for men purchase decision. If it doesn’t smell good, the product is eliminated from consideration. Once the consumer proceeds to the next step in the decision, Active 3 being able two additional functions would shift to a disjunctive decision rule. Active 3 will be selected over other body washes as it surpasses them on the criteria of fulfilling the shaving and shampooing function since they do have these as options. Since Nivea is not in the evoked set for shampoos or shaving creams the consumer must see the added benefits of two additional functions as a deciding factor. A brand such as Gillette (shaving cream) or Head and Shoulders (shampoo) will have the advantage in their respective functions if the consumer’s basis of evaluation criteria is nominal in their decision-making. But if Nivea can effectively influence consumers to adopt a compensatory decision rule, their product will be purchased, as it will rate highest on the summary of the consumer’s judgment of relevant evaluative criteria if the additional functions do in fact become relevant in the mind of the consumer. Finally, if the consumer decision is based on a product that can satisfy all 3 functions, shaving, shampooing and showering, that consumer will purchase Nivea Active 3 based on the disjunctive decision rule. This will be due to the fact there are little to no other products that provide a solution for all 3 functions in one product. The consumers initial purchase process will be limited and the result will be some post-purchase dissonance. The level of dissonance will be low because the product is inexpensive. The consumer has used other products as resolutions to each of the functions provided by the Nivea Active 3. Their information search on the product prior to purchase will include recommendations from family, friends or peers and Internet searches for review and feedback on the item. There can be more immediate purchase evaluation because the individual can consume the product right away and decide if they are satisfied or dissatisfied. If the consumer is dissatisfied it is likely they will retain the item and store it as a means of â€Å"back up† or use the remainder of the product and not repurchase the item. Because it is a personal item, the result will be some negative word of mouth communication. If the consumer is satisfied there will likely be repurchases with no post purchase dissonance. The repurchase decision will become nominal. Marketing Assessment Product features Nivea can capitalize on the convenience of Active 3 by producing a Travel size bottle. The travel size bottle can be marketed, to be consumed on business and leisure travels. It can be marketed, to be taken to the fitness gym or any other physical activity. This will truly be a â€Å"back up† for men whom want to maintain a fresh, groomed body throughout the course of a day. â€Å"You Never Know When You May Need It†. Nivea should create an economy sized bottle to be marketed to fitness clubs and sporting facilities. The Active 3 can be placed in dispenser in showers in these facilities. This would be perfect for those consumers as they can use this for any or all of the 3 functions after their activities. Advertisements Nivea needs more print, TV and Internet advertisement. The product is still relatively new and many consumers do not even know it exists. Before other brands began producing their own 3-in-1 formulas, Nivea should focus on it brand awareness. There should be create a campaign that conveys the same message over a number of advertising avenues so that it can strengthen it brand positioning. Commercial Content Idea Tagline: â€Å"You Can Do it All! † Models: A diverse group of men of all different races and ethnicities. Problem: There should be several un-groomed or slightly groomed men conducting different activities such as (1) waking up preparing for work (2) completing a work out at the gym (3) getting prepared for a date and/or a night on the town (4) on a business trip Solution: Nivea Active 3 is their solution in each events and the result is a clean, well groomed individual prepared to take on the world â€Å"You Can Do It All† Reference Hawkins,D. I. , Mothersbaugh, D. L. (2010). Consumer Behavior: Building Marketing Strategy (11th Edition) 1) http://www. niveausa. com/products/mens-care/active3-shower-gel 2) http://www. prnewswire. com/news-releases/showering-will-never-be-the-same-again-as-nivea-for-men-introduces-active-3-three-in-one-shower-agent-combining-body-wash-shampoo-and-shave-gel-61908112. html 3) http://www. nytimes. com/2009/09/08/business/media/08adco. html 4) http://www. prweb. com/releases/grooming_products/toiletries_bath_shower/prweb3685224. htm 5) http://www. euromonitor. om/mens-grooming-in-the-us/report 6) http://adage. com/article/news/advertising-marketers-jump-men-s-grooming-trend/142655/ 7) http://www. nytimes. com/2010/08/18/business/media/18adco. html 8) http://www. shavingstuff. com/archives/000825. php 9) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Chest_hair 10) http://chronicle. uchicago. edu/070712/perspectives. shtml 11) http://smib. vuw. ac. nz:8081/www/ANZMAC2000/CDsite/papers/g/Gunarat2. PDF 12) http:// www. brandchannel. com/features_effect. asp? pf_id=315 13) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Big_Five_personality_traits#Openness_to_experience

Tapeworm2 Essay Example For Students

Tapeworm2 Essay In nature you see many biological relationship in which two living aninamls have a relationship. One animal will benefits from the other aninaml that animal which lives off the other benefits from that animal or could suffers. A tapeworm and a human are example of a parasitism. The way a human comes in contrats a tapeworm by eating uncooked meat then the tapeworm makes it self at home in the human body. Whenever the human eats food the tapeworm takes in all the food it need to live. The tapeworm makes sure that does not take all the food that the human puts in it body because if does that the human will not get the nautratin the human body needs to live. If the human with the tapeworm its in body dies then the tapeworm dies as well because its host is not able to get the food it need to live. If the tapeworm in a human body for some time the human body will lose mass amounts of weight because the tapeworm eats up all food you feed your body and you will still be living but you will b e very weak and not be able to go on with your everyday life. The only way for a human to get rid of a tapeworm is go to a doctor and have them put sharp blad down your throut and cut the head of the tapeworm off then your body will just get rid of tapeworm when you get rid of your waste. In the United States the tapeworm is not a very big problem because our goverment has hi standards about the meat the we eat in this country. Some countrys such as in Eurpoe you have be cautious about the meat you because they dont have such hi standards in as the US and getting a tapeworm would not be as much as big deal as it would be in the US. Bibliography: We will write a custom essay on Tapeworm2 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Tourism in Vietnam Essay Essay Example

Tourism in Vietnam Essay Essay Example Tourism in Vietnam Essay Essay Tourism in Vietnam Essay Essay Tourism is promoted by the authoritiess of many developing states because it offers the potency for making occupations. therefore bring forthing income for the state and gross for the gorvement. With its well-preserved cultural diverseness and integral natural home grounds. Vietnam has become a popular tourer finish among out-of-door partisans. There are several types of touristry available in Vietnam. We will analyse Vietnamese touristry and the impact of it to the national economic sciences as below: I. Overview of Vietnam touristry II. Some types of touristry in Vietnam 1. Culinary circuitOverview of the Vietnam Food CultureThe function and how to work the value of nutrient civilization to pull tourers 2. Advanture and activities3. Vietnam sail4. Culture and history5. Luxury vacation III. The impact of touristry to Vietnam economic sciences1. Positive consequence2. Negative consequenceIV. Solution I. Overview of Vietnamese touristryDespite the fact that Vietnam faced many troubles because of the economic downswing. in recent old ages. the country’s touristry industry continued to turn rather healthily. One of the chief factors that supported this growing was intensive promotional activities of industry participants. particularly travel bureaus. travel adjustment participants and air hoses. Indeed. many of these participants used price reductions and sweepstakes programmes as their cardinal method to pull consumer attending. Tourism in Vietnam is a important constituent of the modern Vietnamese economic system. In 2012. Vietnam received more than 6. 8 million international reachings. up from 2. 1 million in the twelvemonth 2000. The one-year addition represented a strong recoil from a little diminution in 2008 Great Recession. The Vietnam National Administration of Tourism is following a long-run program to diversify the touristry industry. which brings needed foreign ex change into the state. Tourism is progressively of import in Vietnam. For backpackers. civilization and nature lovers. beach-lovers and veterans touring the state for a long clip. Vietnam has emerged itself as a new tourer finish in Southeast Asia and on is now on lists in magazines worldwide. Hotel investors particularly the potency of the 3000-kilometer-long seashore line and the large metropoliss. The touristry offer has been progressively diversified. Local and international circuit operators offer Tourss to cultural minority groups. walking and bike Tourss. kayak trips and multi-country trips in peculiar in connexion with adjacent Cambodia. Laos and Thailand. Vietnam authorities has taken many steps for publicity of touristry. Ministry of touristry provided inducements for change overing normal hotels in luxury. Besides an aggressive publicity of Vietnam touristry run on magazines and Television channels. As of 2013. the Vietnam authorities has intended to put no less than $ 94. 2 billion towards its touristry substructure. Vietnam’s touristry sector predicts 7. 2 million international tourers and gross of up to $ 9. 1 billion for 2013. In 2013. harmonizing to Hayes A ; Jarvis. Vietnam was ranked top 7 most popular British long-haul finishs. surpassing Thailan d. II. Some types of touristry in Vietnam 1. Culinary circuitAlong with researching new civilizations. one of the great joys of travel is the find of new culinary arts. Those unfamiliar with Vietnamese nutrient are in for a dainty. as the national culinary art is flavourful. colourful and highly healthy. a. Overview of the vietnam nutrient civilization Vietnam culinary art brings its ain civilization with North. Central and South. Each part has dishes with both local. influenced the patterns of population and abundant natural conditions. making a diverse culinary civilization of the state. North: Northern Vietnam has long been influenced by its propinquity to China. As the lone portion of the state that experiences four seasons. many dishes are merely available on a seasonal footing. Overall. the nutrient tends to be milder and lighter than that found in the remainder of Vietnam. Central: The initiates claim that cardinal Vietnamese culinary art is the most culturally reliable nutrient in the state. Heavily influenced by the imperial tribunal culinary art of Hue. the nutrient is by and large piquant and well-seasoned. South: Southern culinary art is the most varied of the three. Rich in veggies. rice and seafood. it has incorporated French. Kampuchean and Thai influences into a manner that is distinctively its ain. It is by and large more to a great extent seasoned. tropical and piquant yet sweeter than northern nutrient. b. Hue – the alone culinary art The culinary art of Hu? forms the bosom of Central Vietnamese culinary art. but one of the most dramatic differences is the prominence of vegetarianism in the metropolis. Several all-vegetarian eating houses are scattered in assorted corners of the metropolis to function the locals who have a strong tradition of eating vegetarian twice a month. as portion of their Buddhist beliefs. Another characteristic of Hu? dishes that sets them apart from other regional culinary arts in Vietnam is the comparatively little functioning size with refined presentation. a trace of its royal culinary art. 2. Advanture and activities Adventure touristry is a type of niche touristry affecting geographic expedition or travel to remote countries. where the traveller should anticipate the unexpected. Adventure touristry is quickly turning in popularity as tourers seek unusual vacations. different from the typical beach holiday. Mountaineering expeditions. trekking. bungee jumping. rafting and stone mounting are often cited as an illustration of adventure touristry. Below is some celebrated escapade Tourss in Viet Nam: Sapa. Viet Nam: A great topographic point for trekking Tourss: Sapa is one of the most celebrated topographic points for Tourss and vacations in Vietnam. Has been well-known as a great finish for trekking Tourss. it is a little town in maintain country in Lao Cai state. Located in a tallness of 1500 metres compared to sea degree. Sapa is the hometown of five different cultural groups: H’mong. Red Dao. Xa Pho. Tay and Giay. There is a great and fantastic mountain scope called Hoang Lien Son which consists of Fanxipan Mountain. 3. 143 metres height. the highest 1 in Vietnam. Sapa has been celebrated for trekking Tourss and vacations in Vietnam. Sapa privilege is a great pick for escapade and trekking Tourss because of perfect conditions and clime. Travelers come to Sapa hold broad scopes of picks for their trekking Tourss from 1 twenty-four hours to 9 yearss. With its stunning mountains. small towns and beautiful Valley which is called Muong Hoa. Sapa provides some thing for everyone. Mai Chau Puluong: The most beautiful country in north west Vietnam. the moutaineus Pu Luong Nature Reserve presents a challenge to those who are fit plenty to research it. This is an country of outstanding beauty. an exciting mix of civilizations. and rich biodiversity stretching from Mai Chau in the Northwest to Cuc Phuong National Park in the sou-east. The part is blessed with exuberant wood. huge limestone view. brilliant rice patios and breathtaking scenery. This is a ambitious trek. 3. Vietnam sail As we knew. Vietnam touristry is more and more development. And one of hot subdivisions of touristry is cruise. Although Vietnam is a underdeveloped state. there are a batch of beautiful topographic points. admirations in the universe. Visiting Vietnam. tourer will bask and loosen up. In a long clip. the proportion of tourers from the sail incomes than the national touristry no important alterations. although coastal countries is district has many advantages over the other districts of touristry resources †¦ Vietnam sea touristry has yet to do a particular entreaty to tourers. Sea touristry potential- island Vietnam. Marine touristry is going a strategic development of the touristry industry to take advantage of the landscape and ecology of coastal countries for economic development. increased income for husbandmans every bit good as addition the cardinal budget and local. In a recent workshop on the direction and development of marine touristry. the island of Vietnam. experts assert travel and touristry economic system Sea Island is one of 5 discovery in the nautical economic system and countries. With a coastline of over 3. 000 kilometres. 1000s of big and little islands. a series of white flaxen beaches. bluish H2O coastline are favourable conditions for Vietnam’s sea touristry development. Beaches. bays of Vietnam travellers worldwide known as Ha long Bay. Nha Trang or Da Nang beach was voted by Forbes Magazine as one of the most charming beaches 6 planets †¦ are stating the pull of the sea to Vietnam for domestic and foreign tourers. Along the seashore of Vietnam has approximatel y 125 beaches favourable for the development of touristry. the beach was over 30 investing and development. In peculiar. the maritime sector has great possible for development investing as Ha long Bay – Haiphong – Cat Ba ; Hue – Da Nang – Quang Nam ; Van Phong – Dai Lanh – Nha Trang ; Vung Tau – Long Hai – Con Dao ; Ha Tien – Phu Quoc ; Phan Thiet – Mui Ne. With the terrain in between sail touristry hub in the part are Hong Kong and Singapore. a state with a stable political economic system of development. particularly with the advantage of coastline with many memorials Nature and civilization †¦ a UNESCO Vietnam has a batch of advantages to develop cruise touristry. The seas. islands and coastal countries presently pulling a batch of tourers. has great possible for development should from now until 2020. the province bureau will hold to put to a great extent in substructure. merchandises. publicities †¦ to 2020 Marine touristry income reached 10 billion US dollars. Been blessed over 3. 600km of coastline. Viet nam has many advantages for the development of sail touristry. With the figure of tourers to increase in recent old ages. touristry coastal countries have strong growing in gross. 4. Culture and history The history of Vietnam may be unfamiliar for most visitants. with the exclusion of Vietnam war period. Vietnamese people. nevertheless. have a batch of grounds to be proud of their historical heritage. Vietnamese are. in fact. one of the most ancient civilisations in Asia. Did you know that the first Vietnamese land was founded about five thousand old ages before Vietnam war happened? It is obvious that if you want to understand the state. its people. traditions and the national character of the Vietnamese. you have to get down your geographic expedition with the cognition of history of Vietnam. Visiting Tan Trao Historic Site to larn the August 1945 Revolution Tan Trao used to be the radical base of Vietnam before the August 1945 Revolution. Today. Tan Trao is non merely a historical country but is an attractive finish of Tuyen Quang for tourers in Vietnam travel every bit good. Tan Trao Historical Site is an ideal finish for those who like to detect historic sites every bit good as learn more about history of Vietnam. Ao dai – the traditional costume of Vietnam Ao Dai was one time worn by both genders but today it is worn chiefly by females. except for certain of import traditional culture-related occasions where some work forces do wear it. Ao Dai consists of a long gown with a slit on both sides. worn over cotton or silk pants. 5. Luxury vacation What do you cognize about luxury Tourss? The definition of luxury travel keeps turning and altering. So what is a luxury holiday? It depends on whom you ask. But I can state that something that is an indulgence instead than necessity. deluxe or expensive. copiousness or great easiness and comfort – these are all definitions of luxury. The general state of affairs of luxury touristry in Vietnam Vietnam now has universe trouble hotels and resorts. beachs and culinary art. in farther to a healthy beauty. abounding narrative and normal civilization. Today. luxury Tourss of Vietnam offer a batch of services to their clients such as: + Prefering suites in Vietnam’s best luxury hotels and resorts. + Highly individualized path planning. + Private usher and driver for in depth cultural touring based on customer’s involvements. + Upon petition. eating house reserves. meetings with creative persons. cooking teachers and interior decorators. shopping recommendations. spa reserves. Tourss with special-interest lectors and sole entree to local activities and cultural events. So luxury touristry is developing really rapidly. On the other manus. the monetary value of luxury Tourss is really expensive and merely the richs can utilize that services. Some finish of luxury Tourss: Ba Na hill and Vinpearl Land are two of finishs of luxury Tourss in Vietnam. III. The impact of touristry to Vietnam economic sciences 1. Positive consequence Although the touristry industry in Vietnam is still developing. it plays a cardinal economic function in the state. Tourism attracts foreign investing and creates occupations. It besides provides investing chances for little concern proprietors. Switching the Vietnamese work force from agribusiness to the services industry created by touristry growing presents the potency for higher disposable incomes and decreased poorness. Tourism in Vietnam benefits the hotel. building and retail sectors every bit good as other service-oriented industries. A service-based economic system requires higher instruction degrees than a subsistence agricultural economic system. since touristry sector occupations include receptionists. clerks and tour ushers who must interact with the populace and maintain precise concern paperss. Seeking locally owned and operated concerns directs the most money to local economic systems. 2. Negative consequence Successful touristry relies on set uping a basic substructure. such as roads. visitant centres and hotels. The cost of this normally falls on the authorities. so it has to come out of revenue enhancement grosss. Jobs created by touristry are frequently seasonal and ailing paid. yet touristry can force up local belongings monetary values and the cost of goods and services. Money generated by touristry does non ever profit the local community. as some of it leaks out to immense international companies. such as hotel ironss. Destinations dependant on touristry can be adversely affected by events such as terrorist act. natural catastrophes and economic recession IV. Some possible solution In the following stage. Travel Vietnam continues to keep a sustainable development position with the purpose of developing touristry really go a spearhead economic sector. doing Vietnam go an attractive finish and category of country. To accomplish that end. the touristry industry should concentrate on developing touristry quality. branded. extremely professional and modern on the footing of optimum development of resources and national advantages. to advance interdisciplinary. inter-regional and socialisation. and the function of concern kineticss. Identify mark market sections for the intent of travel and ability to pay ; precedence to pull tourers affordability high. strictly for touristry. long corsets. Development of the domestic market focused resort hotel. amusement. festivals. shopping. Beginnings:hypertext transfer protocol: //www. trails. com/list_39950_impacts-tourism-vietnam. html hypertext transfer protocol: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Main_Pagehypertext transfer protocol: //aut. researchgateway. Ac. nz/bitstream/handle/10292/769/Bui_DT. pdf ; jsessionid=B63C881EC44FD2E13604E2E295CDBA48? sequence=4 PreparationI. Overview of Vietnam touristry1. Economy go down while touristry grows healthily Despite the fact that Vietnam faced many troubles because of the economic downswing. in recent old ages. the country’s touristry industry continued to turn rather healthily. One of the chief factors that supported this growing was intensive promotional activities of industry participants. particularly travel bureaus. travel adjustment and air hoses. Indeed. many of these participants used price reductions and sweepstakes programmes as their cardinal method to pull consumer attending. Tourism in Vietnam is a important constituent of the modern Vietnamese economic system. In 2012. Vietnam received more than 6. 8 million international reachings. up from 2. 1 million in the twelvemonth 2000. The one-year addition represented a strong recoil from a little diminution in 2008 Great Recession. National Administration of Tourism is following a long-run program to diversify the touristry industry. which brings needed foreign exchange into the state. 2. The importance of touristry in Vietnam economic For backpackers. civilization and nature lovers. beach-lovers and veterans touring the state for a long clip. Vietnam has emerged itself as a new tourer finish in Southeast Asia and on is now on lists in magazines worldwide. Hotel investors particularly the potency of the 3000-kilometer-long seashore line and the large metropoliss. The touristry offer has been progressively diversified. Local and international circuit operators offer Tourss to cultural minority groups. walking and bike Tourss. kayak trips and multi-country trips in peculiar in connexion with adjacent Cambodia. Laos and Thailand. 3. Promoting touristry Vietnam authorities has taken many steps for publicity of touristry. Ministry of touristry provided inducements for change overing normal hotels in luxury. Besides an aggressive publicity of Vietnam touristry run on magazines and Television channels. As of 2013. the Vietnam authorities has intended to put no less than $ 94. 2 billion towards its touristry substructure. Vietnam’s touristry sector predicts 7. 2 million international tourers and gross of up to $ 9. 1 billion for 2013. In 2013. harmonizing to Hayes A ; Jarvis. Vietnam was ranked top 7 most popular British long-haul finishs. surpassing Thailand. 2. Gap – make fullingVietnam authorities has taken many steps for †¦ . . of touristry. Answer: Development II. Some types of touristry in Vietnam1. Culinary circuitAlong with researching new civilizations. one of the great joys of travel is the find of new culinary arts. Those unfamiliar with Vietnamese nutrient are in for a dainty. as the national culinary art is flavourful. colourful and highly healthy. a. Overview of the Vietnam nutrient Vietnam culinary art brings its ain civilization with North. Central and South. Each part has dishes with both local. influenced the patterns of population and abundant natural conditions. making a diverse culinary civilization of the state. North: Northern Vietnam has long been influenced by its propinquity to China. As the lone portion of the state that experiences four seasons. many dishes are merely available on a seasonal footing. Overall. the nutrient tends to be milder and lighter than that found in the remainder of Vietnam. Central: The initiates claim that cardinal Vietnamese culinary art is the most culturally reliable nutrient in the state. Heavily influenced by the imperial tribunal culinary art of Hue. the nutrient is by and large piquant and well-seasoned. South: Southern culinary art is the most varied of the three. Rich in veggies. rice and seafood. it has incorporated French. Kampuchean and Thai influences into a manner that is distinctively its ain. It is by and lar ge more to a great extent seasoned. tropical and piquant yet sweeter than northern nutrient. b. Hue – the alone culinary art The culinary art of Hu? forms the bosom of Central Vietnamese culinary art. but one of the most dramatic differences is the prominence of vegetarianism in the metropolis. Several all-vegetarian eating houses are scattered in assorted corners of the metropolis to function the locals who have a strong tradition of eating vegetarian twice a month. as portion of their Buddhist beliefs. Another characteristic of Hu? dishes that sets them apart from other regional culinary arts in Vietnam is the comparatively little functioning size with refined presentation. a trace of its royal culinary art. Questions: Name some celebrated dishes in three parts of Vietnam. North: ( Pho? . co?m. bu?n da?u ma?m tom ) Cardinal: ( ba?nh Thai va?t. ba?nh be?o. mi? qua?ng ) South: ( ba?nh xe?o. duong du?a. thi?t kho ta?u ) 2. Advanture and activities Adventure touristry is a type of niche touristry affecting geographic expedition or travel to remote countries. where the traveller should anticipate the unexpected. Adventure touristry is quickly turning in popularity as tourers seek unusual vacations. different from the typical beach holiday. Mountaineering expeditions. trekking. bungee jumping. rafting and stone mounting are often cited as an illustration of adventure touristry. Some celebrated escapade Tourss in Viet Nam: Sapa. Mai Chau Puluong Sapa. Viet Nam: A great topographic point for trekking Tourss: Sapa has been celebrated for trekking Tourss and vacations in Vietnam. Sapa privilege is a great pick for escapade and trekking Tourss because of perfect conditions and clime. Travelers come to Sapa hold broad scopes of picks for their trekking Tourss from 1 twenty-four hours to 9 yearss. With its stunning mountains. small towns and beautiful Valley which is called Muong Hoa. Sapa provides some thing for everyone. Mai Chau: The most beautiful country in north west Vietnam. the moutaineus Pu Luong Nature Reserve presents a challenge to those who are fit plenty to research it. This is an country of outstanding beauty. an exciting mix of civilizations. and rich biodiversity stretching from Mai Chau in the Northwest to Cuc Phuong National Park in the sou-east. The part is blessed with exuberant wood. huge limestone view. brilliant rice patios and breathtaking scenery. This is a ambitious trek. Question: Question 1: How many advanturing games do you cognize?Answer: trekking. bungee jumping. rafting and stone mounting 3. Vietnam sail As we knew. Vietnam touristry is more and more development. And one of hot subdivisions of touristry is cruise. Although Vietnam is a underdeveloped state. there are a batch of beautiful topographic points. admirations in the universe. Visiting Vietnam. tourer will bask and loosen up. In a long clip. the proportion of tourers from the sail incomes than the national touristry no important alterations. although coastal countries is district has many advantages over the other districts of touristry resources †¦ Vietnam sea touristry has yet to do a particular entreaty to tourers. With the terrain in between sail touristry hub in the part are Hong Kong and Singapore. a state with a stable political economic system of development. particularly with the advantage of coastline with many memorials Nature and civilization †¦ a UNESCO Vietnam has a batch of advantages to develop cruise touristry. The seas. islands and coastal countries presently pulling a batch of tourers. has great possible for development should from now until 2020. the province bureau will hold to put to a great extent in substructure. merchandises. publicities †¦ to 2020 Marine touristry income reached 10 billion US dollars. Been blessed over 3. 600km of coastline. Vietnam has many advantages for the development of sail touristry. With the figure of tourers to increase in recent old ages. touristry coastal countries have strong growing in gross. 4. Culture and history It is obvious that if you want to understand the state. its people. traditions and the national character of the Vietnamese. you have to get down your geographic expedition with the cognition of civilization and history of Vietnam. Visiting Tan Trao Historic Site to larn the August 1945 Revolution Tan Trao used to be the radical base of Vietnam before the August 1945 Revolution. Today. Tan Trao is non merely a historical country but is an attractive finish of Tuyen Quang for tourers in Vietnam travel every bit good. Tan Trao Historical Site is an ideal finish for those who like to detect historic sites every bit good as learn more about history of Vietnam. Ao dai – the traditional costume of Vietnam Ao Dai was one time worn by both genders but today it is worn chiefly by females. except for certain of import traditional culture-related occasions where some work forces do wear it. Ao Dai consists of a long gown with a slit on both sides. worn over cotton or silk pants. Question: Gap – filling: If you want to understand the state. its people. traditions and the national character of the Vietnamese. you have to get down your geographic expedition with the cognition of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦and†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ . Answer: culture/history 5. Luxury vacation What do you cognize about luxury Tourss? The definition of luxury travel keeps turning and altering. So what is a luxury holiday? It depends on whom you ask. But I can state that something that is an indulgence instead than necessity. deluxe or expensive. copiousness or great easiness and comfort – these are all definitions of luxury. The general state of affairs of luxury touristry in Vietnam Vietnam now has universe trouble hotels and resorts. beachs and culinary art. in farther to a healthy beauty. abounding narrative and normal civilization. Today. luxury Tourss of Vietnam offer a batch of services to their clients such as: + Prefering suites in Vietnam’s best luxury hotels and resorts. + Highly individualized path planning. + Private usher and driver for in depth cultural touring based on customer’s involvements. + Upon petition. eating house reserves. 5 – star dishes. shopping recommendations. spa reserves. sole entree to local activities and cultural events. So luxury touristry is developing really rapidly. On the other manus. the monetary value of luxury Tourss is really expensive and merely the richs can utilize that services. Some finish of luxury Tourss: Ba Na hill and Vinpearl Land are two of finishs of luxury Tourss in Vietnam. Question: Question 2: What have Luxury Tourt of Viet Nam offered to function their clients? Answer:Best luxury hotels and resortsHighly personalized itinerary planningPrivate usher and driver for in depth cultural touring based on customer’s involvements restaurant reserves. 5 – star dishes. shopping recommendations. spa reserves. sole entree to local activities and cultural events Super Text Twist Game: 1. The site of Miss Universe 2008 and Miss Earth 20102. A so called Panduranga. celebrated heritage3. Tourist finish in Binh Duong4. A beautiful island celebrated fish sauce5. A historic temple. built in 1601 on the order of the first Nguy?n Godheads6. Temple of literature. built in 10707. The forth largest metropolis in Vietnam8. The capital of resort in Vietnam Answer:1. Nha trang2. Tha?p cha?m3. Da?i Nam4. Phu? Quo?c5. Thie?n Mu?6. Quo?c tu? gia?m7. Ca?n Tho8. Mu?i Ne?Vertical: Tha?p Muo?i III. The impact of touristry to Vietnam economic sciences1. Positive consequenceAlthough the touristry industry in Vietnam is still developing. it plays a cardinal economic function in the state. Tourism attracts foreign investing and creates occupations. It besides provides investing chances for little concern proprietors. Switching the Vietnamese work force from agribusiness to the services industry created by touristry growing presents the potency for higher disposable incomes and decreased poorness. Tourism in Vietnam benefits the hotel. building and retail sectors every bit good as other service-oriented industries. A service-based economic system requires higher instruction degrees than a subsistence agricultural economic system. since touristry sector occupations include receptionists. clerks and tour ushers who must interact with the populace and maintain precise concern paperss. Seeking locally owned and operated concerns directs the most money to local economic systems. 3. Negative consequence Successful touristry relies on set uping a basic substructure. such as roads. visitant centres and hotels. The cost of this normally falls on the authorities. so it has to come out of revenue enhancement grosss. Jobs created by touristry are frequently seasonal and ailing paid. yet touristry can force up local belongings monetary values and the cost of goods and services. Money generated by touristry does non ever profit the local community. as some of it leaks out to immense international companies. such as hotel ironss. Destinations dependant on touristry can be adversely affected by events such as terrorist act. natural catastrophes and economic recession. Questions: Question 3: Can you state me the positive consequence of touristry to Vietnam economic system? Answer:cardinal economic function in the stateattracts foreign investingcreates occupationsprovides investing chances for little concern proprietorsSwitching the Vietnamese work force from agribusiness to the services industry higher disposable incomes and decreased poornessbenefits the hotel. building and retail sectors every bit good as other service-oriented industries Question 4: Can you state me the negative consequenceof touristry to Vietnam economic system? Answer:relies on set uping a basic substructure = gt ; autumn on the gorvernment = gt ; revenue enhancement grosss Jobs created by touristry are frequently seasonal and ailing paidpush up local belongings monetary values and the cost of goods and services Money leaks out to immense international companiesFinishs dependent on touristry can be adversely affected by events such as terrorist act. natural catastrophes and economic recession. IV. Some possible solutionIn the following stage. Travel Vietnam continues to keep a sustainable development position with the purpose of developing touristry really go a spearhead economic sector. doing Vietnam go an attractive finish and category of country. To accomplish that end. the touristry industry should concentrate on developing touristry quality. branded. extremely professional and modern on the footing of optimum development of resources and national advantages. to advance interdisciplinary. inter-regional and socialisation. and the function of concern kineticss. Identify mark market sections for the intent of travel and ability to pay ; precedence to pull tourers affordability high. strictly for touristry. long corsets. Development of the domestic market focused resort hotel. amusement. festivals. shopping.

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Literature Review Teaching Reading: Direct Instruction vs. Whole Language Introduction Reading is fundamental to the educational growth and success of all students. Many times, the development of independent readers begin in literacy rich kindergarten through fourth grade classrooms. Early childhood teachers are challenged by reaching the needs of students who are labeled at risk. These students begin their educational experience at a disadvantage. Students may be labeled at risk or disadvantaged based on their social, educational, and economical backgrounds. Factors which could contribute to a student’s difficulty in academic achievement may include lack of exposure to print rich environments, poor nutrition and health care, low proficiency in English, learning disabilities, and poverty. I feel that these characteristics directly impact a student’s performance in the classroom and may negatively impact reading achievement. Early intervention in the primary grades is imperative to the future success of students labeled at risk. Research indicates that if children are not successful readers by the end of the third grade, it will be very difficult for them to catch up with their peers in later years (Dorn, French, & Jones, 1998). Past research has also documented the relationship between high quality classroom instruction and the success of at risk students. This then raises a number of questions. Which approaches to reading instruction are highest in quality and most effective? What components of these methods result in student success? Direct Instruction and Whole Language are two curriculum choices which are founded by different beliefs in the area of student learning. Both approaches have been used around the United States to influence the reading achievement of students label at risk. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the Direct Instruction and the Whole Language Approach to teachi... Free Essays on Literature Review Free Essays on Literature Review Literature Review Teaching Reading: Direct Instruction vs. Whole Language Introduction Reading is fundamental to the educational growth and success of all students. Many times, the development of independent readers begin in literacy rich kindergarten through fourth grade classrooms. Early childhood teachers are challenged by reaching the needs of students who are labeled at risk. These students begin their educational experience at a disadvantage. Students may be labeled at risk or disadvantaged based on their social, educational, and economical backgrounds. Factors which could contribute to a student’s difficulty in academic achievement may include lack of exposure to print rich environments, poor nutrition and health care, low proficiency in English, learning disabilities, and poverty. I feel that these characteristics directly impact a student’s performance in the classroom and may negatively impact reading achievement. Early intervention in the primary grades is imperative to the future success of students labeled at risk. Research indicates that if children are not successful readers by the end of the third grade, it will be very difficult for them to catch up with their peers in later years (Dorn, French, & Jones, 1998). Past research has also documented the relationship between high quality classroom instruction and the success of at risk students. This then raises a number of questions. Which approaches to reading instruction are highest in quality and most effective? What components of these methods result in student success? Direct Instruction and Whole Language are two curriculum choices which are founded by different beliefs in the area of student learning. Both approaches have been used around the United States to influence the reading achievement of students label at risk. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the Direct Instruction and the Whole Language Approach to teachi...

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Ethics and the News - Essay Example Nowadays, according to Rosenblatt (2012), â€Å"All of your Facebook activity and data will be available to the advertisers who use the network.† This clearly means a breach of privacy and thus, not only can advertisers use a user’s personal data but this data may be used maliciously by certain people or organizations who either sell illegal products and who can deliberately cause violence or harm towards a particular user or any random user. Indeed, if this is the case then it must be dangerous to even post anything on Facebook since the company might not be able to exactly trace where the information goes and who sees it. Moreover, there is indeed danger if one freely exposes private information over Facebook for some individuals might use this information for their own malicious motives, not to mention that anyone on Facebook or on any other social networking site might be able to gain access to it by mistake, and may either make fun of such information or â€Å"sim ply know† it without the knowledge and permission of the user. ... s practice of providing advertising companies with data from its users and shows this to be a rather natural tendency: â€Å"Facebook should not be criticized for the fact that it offers†¦new social plugins† because â€Å"the company carefully manages the data-sharing process, and it has made serious efforts to tell users exactly what is going and what they can do about it† (Eldon, 2010). In fact, based on the report, these privacy issues are without any basis and that these issues are in fact â€Å"creating new risks not just for Facebook users, but for the company and its ecosystem of developers and marketers† (Eldon, 2010). The privacy issues might also call the attention of the United States Federal Trade Commission as they might â€Å"impose stiff new regulation on what product changes that Facebook can make going forward, thereby limiting its ability to improve its products† (Eldon, 2010). In short, the report that favors Facebook and tries to e xonerate it from the accusations hurled against it concerning privacy issues somehow has three points: first, it is trying to say that such sharing is inevitable since Facebook is a new and developing company; second, it wants to tell the readers that Facebook is in fact doing its best to regulate the flow of data during any process that shares this data; and thirdly, the privacy issues raised by Facebook users in fact is the one that endangers the sense of freedom and privacy that Facebook affords its users. The reason is that such issues might call the attention of the government and thus monitor Facebook operations more closely. The third point actually discourages people from further hurling accusations against Facebook. According to James Rachels, â€Å"[Although] it is possible for people to act altruistically†¦a person

Organization Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organization - Research Paper Example As such, the employees will know how to improve the performance of the organisation by implementing the techniques used in training. Thirdly, the HR should insist on using technology in some of the activities. It is decreed that technology improves production. Therefore, employees that use technology will give the organisation competitive advantage. 3. Necessity of job descriptions Organisations have to be open about job descriptions. All workers should be given their job descriptions. However, when this is not done, there are possible scenarios that would be experienced. First, all workers will not be responsible for the hard tasks at the work place. The hard task will be left unattended, as each worker will prefer lighter tasks (Aaker, 2011). Secondly, there will be no accountability. None of the workers will be accountable for loss of property. Similarly, no worker will accept liability when part of the work is not done. Lastly, without job descriptions, there will be minimal prod uction. This is due to the haphazard execution of tasks. 4. Drawbacks to using flexible work hours Employees have to provide optimum production while at their work place. This includes working for a specified period before taking a rest. However, some organisations prefer flexible working hours for their employees. This could expose the organisation to negativity. First, such an approach will encourage irresponsible behaviour. The workers will not report to their places of work as required (Robin, 2004). For example, they will find excuses to justify their irresponsible behaviour. Secondly, workers will be choosy on the schedules at work. They will prefer a schedule that is minimally supervised. This will reduce the productivity. Thirdly, collective progress will not be realised since the employees will choose different working hours. 8. Basis of ability or on personality Applicants should be primarily selected on basis of ability. The ostensible reason for an organisation is to get work done at the most appropriate time and within the set parameters. Workers with ability can increase productivity of an organisation to an optimum level. They are versatile in executing their work since they have the ability to do so (Learn Media BPP, 2010). As a fact, workers with a basis of ability have the mindset to learn new techniques at the work place. As such, they are likely to conform to the needs of the organisation. On the other hand, personality is not directly related to productivity. An organisation that picks personality will expose decent behaviour, but will not necessarily have optimum production. 9. Laying off workers Laying off workers is a process where an organisation reduces the number of workers. This can be due to a reduction in productivity, foreseen market concerns and when there is a need to cut on costs. To begin with, managers prefer to lay off workers with cyclic Sicknesses. These workers are constantly off duty due to their sicknesses. Therefore, the managers prefer to lay off such worker to cut on costs. Apparently, the option of early retirement is not considered in such a situation. This is due to the increased costs especially in insurance payments for the worker. Secondly, managers prefer to lay off workers especially when their payments have been revised (Beynon-Davies, 2009). An increase in the payments would mean an increase in the pension schemes payable to

According to the British charity Action Aid, cheap fashion comes at a Essay

According to the British charity Action Aid, cheap fashion comes at a human price (BBC news 20th July 2010). Critically discuss - Essay Example Therefore the basic theory of trade is supported by the fact that it makes both the participating nations better off in terms of their economic positions. Trade is further facilitated with reduction in protectionism or import tariffs. The advantageous position is usually assessed in terms of cost. This can further lead to the belief that: â€Å"When trading partners use more of their time and resources producing things they do best, they are able to produce a larger joint output, which provides the source for mutual gain† (Carbaugh, 2008, p.14). Now looking at the comparative advantage theory of trade one can study the labor market where Krugman observes that the developing nations have been able to compete with the developed ones on the basis of their ability to supply cheap labor. Therefore export-oriented growth is of great help to these people. The industries like textiles and garments firms have capitalized on the unskilled labor force of the developing nations and it mig ht not be very just to oppose the idea of providing cheap fashion at human cost unless a suitable alternative can be provided to industrialization on the basis of low wages. While it cannot be denied that while people crave for the designer sport shoes, they might not realize that the products are manufactured at the cost of hard labor efforts of women and children compelled to work in malnourished conditions and almost â€Å"slave wages†.... Hence the remark of the British charity Action Aid, that is, â€Å"cheap fashion comes at a human price† might be analyzed in the light of trade in industrial goods with a specific focus on fashion and textiles. Trade is also supposed to keep the domestic producers busy in innovations and increasing efficiency of their production processes. It helps in curtailing monopolies and decreasing the prices of goods like electronics, clothes and household appliances. However other sectors like sport tickets, car repair and other service segments which are unaffected by globalization show rise in prices. Thus the industrial goods sector mostly witness a control of inflationary pressures. Now if one looks at the technology behind the production process there always exists an asymmetry of information across the nations such that one group shall have technological advantage over the industrial sectors than the other group. The dependency theory proposed by Baran also divides the world int o center and periphery where the center is represented by the developed nations with the technological advantage and the periphery is concentrated by developing countries that mainly produce raw materials for the center and lack of the technological know-how is the essential factor behind their setback. A line of inequity also marked the multilateral trading framework. The GATT ignored two very significant sectors – textiles and agricultural and no stabilization was rendered for commodity prices which declines against the prices of industrial goods (WTO, 1999). The steady decline in commodity prices deteriorated their conditions further and hence led to worsening of economic conditions of the

Personal Development Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Personal Development Planning - Essay Example One has to follow the right strategies towards reaching that career. One has to attend training and learn all the different perspectives and requirements needed to pursue and succeed in that career. Schooling is an important step that make some understand the historical, current as well as future trends in a certain career (Duffy, 2006, p. 55-7). This way, one is able to reshape and his realign his dreams and find the much-needed motivation to pursue the dream to accomplishment. Mentorship plays an important role in enabling one to create important goals and objectives, and plan on methods to pursue them. The attainment of particular set goals and objectives should always pave way for one to set other goals that are much advanced from the previous goals. A good career provides a reliable and favourable opportunity for a person to actualize his dream. In order to ascertain whether your dreams are being met, it is important o have a plan upon which one can always confirm about the particular progress. This plan is usually referred to as a personal development plan; it usually guides one into achievement of the specific set targets in the line of career and other related aspects. I have chosen to pursue a career in public relations, an area that mostly requires spreading of information between an individual or organisation and the public. Public relations is an important practice in business organizations, public and private institutions as well as the public sector. In the career, a practitioner has to gain necessary and reliable exposure to their targeted audience using topics of public interest and different news items that may not necessarily require direct payment. In a company and other business related practices, public relations is aimed at passing information that is aimed at persuading public investors, partners, employees as well as other stakeholders to maintain a certain perspective about its

Skills for Study 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Skills for Study 1 - Essay Example One of the social factors contributing to low health expectancy is the level of poverty. In developing countries, the general level of income is very low. Consequently, such people cannot buy adequate healthy food. Furthermore, such people cannot avail the facilities of clinics or doctors as they are unable to afford it, which leads to high levels of mortality. Sometimes, health facilities are located in places far away from poverty-stricken areas, thus making it even more difficult for poor people to reach them in time (Caldwell et al 1990). Another social factor is insufficient education of parents. It is observed that health expectancy is high when the previous generation has been educated, especially mothers. Mothers are the biggest role models for their children, especially in developing countries where mothers usually stay at home while fathers go out to work. Literate mothers are more responsible when it comes to their and their children’s health. However, illiterate mothers lack knowledge of which foods are healthy, what kind of water to drink, which habits are hygienic and similar aspects of a healthy life. Due to this, their children eat anything which ‘appears’ to be edible, drink non-mineral (and thus harmful) water and develop unhygienic activities such as urinating in rivers from where water is used for drinking or cooking. These unhealthy habits cause them to develop life-threatening diseases or such, which in turn lowers the health expectancy in those areas. This factor of low levels o f literacy can also be a cultural issue for those people in developing countries that condemn women from getting an education, as they believe that such practices are only meant for boys (Caldwell et al 1990). In many developing countries, there are certain cultures that prefer the birth of boys rather than girls. People with such beliefs dispose of female

A Comprehensive Personal And Professional Development Essay

A Comprehensive Personal And Professional Development Essay Managing Professional Development Develop a comprehensive Personal and Professional Development Strategy by answering the following: Undertake responsibility of your own personal and career development. Conduct a self-assessment inventory by doing a personal SWOT Undertake a skill audit Devise a personal development plan to achieve personal targets and short and long term objectives Devise and maintain a current CV and/or portfolio of work Evaluate progress and achievement of personal development and learning targets Evaluate learning and development with original aims and objectives set in the development plan Reset objectives in the light of evaluation and feedback Develop a range of interpersonal and transferable business skills Problem Solving Communication Time Management Demonstrate self-managed learning in a professional context 1 Undertake Responsibility Of Your Own Personal and Career Development 1.1 Undertake Skill Audit 1,2 Conduct A self-assessment inventory by doing a personal SWOT. 1.3: Devise a Personal Development Plan to achieve personal targets and short and long term objectives. 1.4 Devise and maintain a current CV and/or portfolio of work. 2 Evaluate Progress and Achievement Of Personal Development and Learning Targets. 2.1 Evaluate learning and development with original aims and objectives set in the development plan 2.2 Reset objectives in the light of evaluation and feedback 3 Develop a range of interpersonal and transferable business skills 3.1 Problem Solving 3.2 Communication 3.3 Time Management Executive Summary Management development is concerned with improving managers performance in their present roles and preparing them for greater responsibility in the future. Mumford and Gold (2004) describes as an attempt to improve managerial effectiveness through a learning process. To pursue better career we need to find what we are good, where we need to improve, however the author has undertaken SWOT to identify her strength, weakness, opportunities and threats. Skill audit is implemented to understand what skills are we good at and where we need to focus. The author has taken 4 skills audit on based on it has prepared a personal development plan. Short and long-term objectives of the author have been acknowledged. Interpersonal skills like communication, problem solving and time management has been discussed. Communication is very effective today and plays an important role in our life. Different communication style is used at different levels. Time management helps to manage time effectively and build on it. Learning helps to increase in knowledge and skills. The author has implemented different theories and types of learning and also evaluated in her personal development plan. The author has been able to apply and has also been able to identify where she is standing today. 1 Undertake Responsibility Of Your Own Personal and Career Development 1.1 Undertake Skill Audit Skill Audit is undertaken to find out what skills are developed; skills I possess but not developed to my expectations and finally skills that I would like to develop and have not got opportunities to develop. The objective for skills audit is Skills that I intend to develop over the 1 year of BBA left. The author has undertaken skill audit for Communication, Problem Solving, Decision Making and Learning, which has been attached as an appendix. The skill audit was taken in February 2011. 1,2 Conduct A self-assessment inventory by doing a personal SWOT. Dr Heinz Weihrich (1982) had initiated earlier version of the SWOT analysis. The TOWS matrix stands for Threats/Opportunities/Weakness/. Individual Swot analysis givens one an in-depth awareness of the areas in which you excel (Strength). The areas in which you need to improve (Weakness). It discovers opportunities, which are an outcome of your strengths and threats, which pose challenges obstructing your growth. The authors objective to prepare SWOT is to justify her strength, weakness, opportunities and threats for her assignments for second term HNC year. Fig 1.1: SWOT (Fieldwork) Evidence For Skill Audit: 1.3Devise a Personal Development Plan to achieve personal targets and short and long term objectives. Individuals with guidance and encouragement carry out personal development plan. A PDP sets out the actions people propose to learn and do develop themselves. 1 Personal Development Plan: A My goal is to be more skilled in this competency: To improve in my communication B Results Desired: If I am successful, this is how my improved competency will look: Present Presentations well in classes If I achieve a certificate during debates Get well socialized with people C Action Plan: To improve in my communication: D Schedule Progress Review Date: 1st December 2011 Actual Progress Review Date: 15thDecember 2011 2 Personal Development Plan: A My goal is to be more skilled in this competency: To be a confident problem solver B Results Desired If I am successful, this is how my improved competency will look: Approaching the problems systematically If decisions are well planned and well executed By understanding the criteria for a good decision C Action Plan: D Schedule Progress Review Date: 15th March 2012 Actual Progress Review Date: 25th March 2012 3 Personal Development Plan: A My goal is to be more skilled in this competency: To have an excellent approach in decision making B Results Desired: Analyse the options carefully. Having more knowledge of decision-making. Making decision quickly. C Action Plan: D Schedule Progress Review Date: 5th October 2011 Actual Progress Review Date: 7th October 2011 Define Objective: An objective is a sub-goal. It gives an individual a clear defined target. It recognizes short-term, assessable steps within a specific phase of time moving towards accomplishing long-term goals. There are two different objectives that are Short term and Long term. Short-term objectives are made to achieve in 2 years whereas long- term objectives are prepared to achieve in 5 years. Short term Objectives should be SMART: Fig 1.5: Meaning of SMART (Reference) Short term Objective Set By The Author: To achieve atleast 10 Merits and 5 Distinctions in my assignments by the end of 2nd year. To learn cooking by next year January 2012. To learn driving by July 2011. Long term Objectives should be: Fig 1.6: Long Term Objectives (Reference) Long term Objectives Set By The Author: To get in one of the top university for MBA in London. To have work experience for atleast 2 years before I get into MBA. To strengthen my weaknesses. 1.4 Devise and maintain a current CV and/or portfolio of work. Education Qualification: Work Experience: Nil Skills Profile: IT: Microsoft Word, PowerPoint and Excel. Languages: English, French, Hindi and Marathi (partial). Taking Responsibility Team Work Interests and Achievements: Achievements: Achievement: Two State level certificate in swimming (2008), Five District level certificate in athletics, Zonal Level Certificate in Football, Certificate in Badminton in Annual Sports Meet (2008-2009), Three District level certificate in swimming (2007, Satara District Youth Congress), Certificate in Athletic in Annual Sports Meet (2008-2009) Interests: Travel: Dubai, Honkong, Macau, Australia, New Zealand and Paris Music: All Type Sports: Swimming, Badminton, Basketball and Cricket (At times) Hobbies/ Leisure Activities: Listening to Music, Designing and Decorating, Meeting Friends, Reading Novels and Surfing Net.

The Bonds of Womanhood by Nancy Cott

The Bonds of Womanhood by Nancy Cott Nancy Cott, the writer and editor of The Bonds of Womanhood, aimed at analyzing the lives of American women in the 19th century and also discussing on the thought of separate spheres. She also involved true womanhood cult in the context of his book. Cotts book covers a social history that took place in New England between 1780 and 1835. Her research work covers personal narratives as well as prescriptive literature. The writer was inspired by the fact that during the 19th century women were idealized by men as godly mothers and ideal examples of virtue. She introduced the principle of domesticity which tackles the idea of women providing a happy environment or rather sanctuary for men while at home. In most occasions, women were idealized and marginalized by men in the society. The writer in this case portrays women as domestic defenders according to the way they were being treated during that period. In this case, women are not treated as passive victims by the author but instead sh e uses women to indicate true womanhood by the way they actively helped in creating an ideal vision of being a woman. This paper will primarily focus on Nancy Cotts book The Bonds of Womanhood that covers the aspect of womans Sphere during the 19th century period in New England. Womens Sphere in the Bonds of Womanhood This book is a classic work established by Nancy Cott relating to the history of women in the 19th century. Cott remains the best historian of oppression and womens bond. She also foresaw domesticity bond tendency that led to feminism about 20 years ago. Her work has become an inspiration to most women and creates a way through which women can be understood easily by the society. Looking at the preface of the book, issues are raised that are of contemporary importance to every reader of this book. Cott lays most of her emphasis on the voices of women which acts as her primary source when writing the book. Nancy Cott builds a sense of different forms that resulted to the oppression of women. In addition, Cott tries to highlight the role that women took in America during the age of early capitalism. The author uses her collection to mark the beginning of her appreciation on the changes brought about by the growth of capitalism during the early nineteenth century in America. In her study work, Cott examines changes that occurred in the society between 1785 and 1830. The author compared different family types that existed in New England during that time period putting into consideration records and diaries written by women. Cott puts forward that a separate sphere for women was created following the market revolution that took place in America during the early stages. The womens sphere was domesticity that behaved as a form of feminist space. Whats more is that she outlines a private sphere to indicate a separate sphere where women were positioned. With relation to the private sphere, the authors argument is that it can also be phrased as a domesticity cult. Nancy Cott highlights that movements of proto-feminism were brought about through acts of women forging bonds via associate homemakers and churches as a result of domesticity cult in early nineteenth century. Additionally, Cotts intention was to define the role that women took before mid 19th century. She used journals and letters written by New England Women. The author incorporates several women aspects that took place during the late 18th century and early 19th century. Her first part of study is the work area. She points out that looking at the economic life; women appeared to be more secondary than men. On top of this is that a womans earnings and property were considered to belong to the husband or any other male relative. According to Cott, the work for women was more need driven as compared to mens work which was time disciplined, regulated and constrained. With time, womens work became seasonally determined which differed depending on family needs. She goes on further to accede that women who were young and unmarried had more flexibility in terms of employment especially in teaching areas and textile mills. Nonetheless, she argues that work done was intended to generate income fo r the family and not for personal support. Nancy Cott keeps her perspective by examining the impact on women especially as they were left at home by male exodus who considered themselves as breadwinners. Her point was that while women labored more at home, men worked outside homes as a sign of toil division that was based on gender differences. The authors view on domesticity features on the need for a womans commitment to married life and family be it an extended family or a nuclear family of close blood relations. Cotts way of thought is that during this period, the roles carried out by married women started to resemble those of men. Her definition of domesticity is a womans ability to manage a home, organize tasks and establish an economical household which becomes time disciplined and well regulated. With relation to Cotts findings, the role of mothers was placed at a higher relief following the loss of women acting as providers and domestic manufacturers. Cott considers that the future of the generation to come depends on how mothers attend to their children. The author foresees an increase in opportunities in fields of religious expression and education as a result of encouragement. Women who were young and unmarried got the chance to teach girls schools. The overall idea was to support future mothers who would educate the future citizens as the number grew. This led to the growth of women scholars as well as teachers. This broadened the curricula for young women who had accomplished their education. Furthermore, new authors were hosted following an increase in literacy that came about due to increased education. This led to the expansion of publishing industry with the majority being women. Cott continues to emphasize on how the model of religion that came into being established opportunities for the women in particular to move to the sphere of publicity as guardians for morals and reformers. Conclusion Cott focused on the theme of moral authority as seen in many families in modern society. This has caused a lot of questions to arise among many scholars. Nancy Cott applied the concept of having womens sphere to indicate the importance of female gender in the society inclusive of evangelical Christianity. This promotes women in areas which they are deemed with relation to their sex. According to Cott, the bonds declared by the society for womens activities strengthened the sisterhood connection between women. This helped in perpetuation of the bond that restricted women in their sphere.